Apparently, gravity on the ship is maintained by rotating sections. There is no explanation offered for the gravity in the non-rotating sections, such as the bridge, the showers, the shuttle, and the farm dome.
NEPS is short for Nuclear Electric Propulsion System
Klampkin's is a prominently-featured disease throughout the show; one of the writers of the show is called Kendall Lampkin
Quantum Distortion occurs in regions of empty space where matter randomly appears and vanishes as a result of intense magnetic fields. One place where such a phenomenon has been theorized to occur is near a neutron star, a star filled with subatomic particles known as neutrons, which have no electrical charge.